Blog
The technical content top engineers rely on to level up.
4 min read
Convert gas to USD (Ethereum)
Convert gas to USD (Ethereum) Understanding gas cost can be tricky because there are three components at play: the gas price, the price of ether, and the units of gas. The "gas price" that you might...
20 min read
Circom language tutorial with circomlib walkthrough
Circom language tutorial with circomlib walkthrough This tutorial introduces the Circom language and how to use it, along with common pitfalls. We will also explain a significant portion of the...
5 min read
ZK-addition-dapp with Noir and Nextjs
ZK-addition-dapp with Noir and Nextjs !ZK Dapp Game built with Noir and Next.js We will demonstrate a step-by-step exploration of a basic zk-dapp designed for verifying additions. This application...
11 min read
Foundry Unit Tests
Foundry Unit Tests This article will describe how to create unit tests in Solidity using Foundry. We will cover how to test all the state transitions that can occur in a smart contract, plus some...
4 min read
Smart contract creation cost
Smart contract creation cost Smart contract creation cost can be anywhere from \$10 to \$2,000 assuming ETH costs between \$1,500 to \$2,000. The biggest factors are 1) Ethereum price, 2) the size of...
13 min read
Flash Loans and how to hack them: a walk through of ERC 3156
Flash Loans and how to hack them: a walk through of ERC 3156 Flash loans are loans between smart contracts that must be repaid in the same transaction. This article describes the ERC 3156 flash loan...
8 min read
Uniswap V2 Mint and Burn Functions Explained
Uniswap V2 Mint and Burn Functions Explained The lifecycle of Uniswap V2 is someone mints LP tokens (supplies liquidity, i.e. tokens to the pool) for the first time, then a second depositor mints...
9 min read
How the TWAP Oracle in Uniswap v2 Works
How the TWAP Oracle in Uniswap v2 Works What exactly is “price” in Uniswap? Suppose we have 1 Ether and 2,000 USDC in a pool. This implies that the price of Ether is 2,000 USDC. Specifically, the...
3 min read
Checklist for building a Uniswap V2 clone
Checklist for building a Uniswap V2 clone It’s very educational to rebuild Uniswap v2 from scratch using modern Solidity (or Huff if you really want to do it in hard mode). Here are some pointers and...
6 min read
Solidity Coding Standards
Solidity Coding Standards The purpose of this article is not to rehash the official Solidity Style Guide, which you should read. Rather, it is to document the common deviations from the style guide...
6 min read
How Uniswap V2 computes the mintFee
How Uniswap V2 computes the mintFee Uniswap V2 was designed to collect 1/6th of the swap fees to the protocol. Since a swap fee is 0.3%, 1/6th of that is 0.05%, so 0.05% of every trade would go to...
10 min read
Solidity RSA signatures for airdrops and presales: Beating ECDSA and Merkle Trees in Gas Efficiency
Solidity RSA signatures for airdrops and presales: Beating ECDSA and Merkle Trees in Gas Efficiency Updated: Aug 4, 2023 By Suthan Somadeva and Michael Burke ECDSA Vs RSA Introduction Creating a...