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3 min read
FFT Friendly Finite Fields
FFT Friendly Finite Fields In order to carry out the FFT algorithm in a finite field (the Number Theoretic Transform), there needs to be $k$-th roots of unity such that $k$ is a power of 2. Ideally,...
15 min read
ERC-20 Token on Starknet
ERC-20 Token on Starknet ERC-20 tokens on Starknet work the same way as on Ethereum. In fact, STRK (Starknet's fee token) is itself an ERC-20 token; there's no special "native" token at the protocol...
9 min read
Constructors in Cairo
Constructors in Cairo A constructor is a one-time-call function executed during contract deployment to initialize state variables, perform contract setup tasks, make cross-contract interactions and...
17 min read
Cheatcodes in Starknet Foundry
Cheatcodes in Starknet Foundry A "cheatcode" in Foundry is a mechanism that allows contract tests to control environment variables such as caller address, the current timestamp, and so on. In this...
15 min read
Cairo Storage Variable Types
Cairo Storage Variable Types In Starknet, Contract Storage is the persistent memory where your smart contract's state lives. Unlike variables declared inside a function which disappear after...
3 min read
Access Control in Cairo
Access Control in Cairo Access control defines who can call specific functions or modify contract behavior. This article explains how Cairo implements access control using the macro. A Review of...
13 min read
Components Part 2: OpenZeppelin ERC-20 Tutorial
Components Part 2: OpenZeppelin ERC-20 Tutorial In Component Part 1, we learned how to create and use a component within a single file. We built a from scratch and integrated its storage, events, and...
8 min read
Cairo Components Part 1
Cairo Components Part 1 Components in Cairo behave like abstract contracts in Solidity. They can define and work with storage, events, and functions, but they can’t be deployed on their own. The...
7 min read
Function Visibility in Cairo
Function Visibility in Cairo Cairo does not have "internal" and "pure" modifiers (or any other modifiers for that matter) like Solidity does. Recall that marking an block with tells Cairo to include...
20 min read
Events in Starknet
Events in Starknet Events emit data from contract execution into the transaction receipt. The receipt holds metadata about what happened during the execution, which can be queried or indexed by...
9 min read
Cairo for Solidity Developers
Cairo for Solidity Developers Cairo is a Rust-inspired language that compiles to bytecode, which runs on the Cairo Virtual Machine. The Cairo virtual machine is a zero-knowledge virtual machine...
11 min read
Integers in Cairo
Integers in Cairo Cairo doesn’t offer the full range of integer sizes found in Solidity. While Solidity provides integer types for every multiple of 8 bits up to 256, Cairo supports only the...